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Team

Thirteen academic research institutions and 68 subject matter experts from across the nation collaborated more than two years to research and write the Roads to Removal report.

The report was jointly sponsored by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)-Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy (ARPA-E), and Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) as well as the ClimateWorks Foundation.

Roads to Removal authors and partners January 2023

Roads to Removal is a national scale analysis of carbon dioxide removal required to achieve a net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) economy in the United States by 2050.

The report was jointly sponsored by the United States Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)-Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO), Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy (ARPA-E), and Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM) as well as the ClimateWorks Foundation.

Meet the

Authors

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

University of Texas at Austin’s Bureau of Economic Geology

University of Pennsylvania

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Michigan State University

Colorado State University

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale School of the Environment

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Michigan State University

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Colorado State University

University of California, Berkeley

Iowa State University

University of Pennsylvania

University of Texas at Austin’s Bureau of Economic Geology

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Michigan State University

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

University of Pennsylvania

University of Pennsylvania

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Indiana University Indianapolis

Yale School of the Environment

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Colorado State University

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Michigan State University

Yale School of the Environment

Yale School of the Environment

University of New Hampshire

Colorado State University

Iowa State University

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

University of Pennsylvania

Colorado State University

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

North Carolina State University

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

University of Pennsylvania

University of Texas at Austin’s Bureau of Economic Geology

Yale School of the Environment

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale School of the Environment

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

University of Texas at Austin’s Bureau of Economic Geology

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Yale School of the Environment

Yale School of the Environment

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

North Carolina State University

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Colorado State University

Yale School of the Environment

Jennifer Pett-Ridge
Jennifer-Pett-Ridge-Portrait
Jennifer Pett-Ridge

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Abby Lunstrum
abby lunstrum
Abby Lunstrum

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

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Alexander J. Stanley
Alexander Stanley
Alexander J. Stanley

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Alexander P. Bump
Alex Bump
Alexander P. Bump

University of Texas at Austin's Bureau of Economic Geology

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Alina Ho
Alina Ho
Alina Ho

University of Pennsylvania

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Allegra C. Mayer
Allegra Mayer
Allegra C. Mayer

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Alvina Aui
Aui Alvina
Alvina Aui

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Ames Fowler
Ames Fowler
Ames Fowler

Michigan State University

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Amy Swan
Amy Swan
Amy Swan

Colorado State University

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Anastasia O’Rourke
Anastasia O’Rourke
Anastasia O’Rourke

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

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Andrew A. Wong
Andrew Wong
Andrew A. Wong

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Bingquan Zhang
Bingquan Zhang
Bingquan Zhang

Yale School of the Environment

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Briana M. Schmidt
Briana Schmidt
Briana M. Schmidt

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Bruno Basso
Bruno Basso
Bruno Basso

Michigan State University

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Chad Hellwinckel
chad hellwinckel
Chad Hellwinckel

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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Corinne D. Scown
Corinne Scown
Corinne D. Scown

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Crystal Toureene
Crystal Toureene
Crystal Toureene

Colorado State University

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Daniel L. Sanchez
Daniel L. Sanchez
Daniel L. Sanchez
University of California, Berkeley
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Dermot Hayes
hayes dermot
Dermot Hayes

Iowa State University

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Diamantoula Giannopoulos
Diamantoula Giannopoulos
Diamantoula Giannopoulos

University of Pennsylvania

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Edna Rodriguez Calzado
Edna Rodriguez Calzado
Edna Rodriguez Calzado

University of Texas at Austin's Bureau of Economic Geology

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Elwin Hunter-Sellars
Hunter Sellars Elwin
Elwin Hunter-Sellars

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Eric W. Slessarev
Slessarev Eric
Eric W. Slessarev

Yale University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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G. Philip Robertson
Phil Robertson
G. Philip Robertson

Michigan State University

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George Peridas
Peridas George
George Peridas

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Hamed Ziad Ammar

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Hannah Goldstein
Goldstein Hannah
Hannah Goldstein

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Hélène Pilorgé
Helene Pilorge
Hélène Pilorgé

University of Pennsylvania

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Ian Lee
Ian Lee
Ian Lee

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Ingrid Busch
Ingrid Busch
Ingrid Busch

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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Jackson W. Chirigotis

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Jerome Dumortier
Jerome Dumortier
Jerome Dumortier

Indiana University Indianapolis

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Jimena Terrazas Lozano
Lozano Jimena
Jimena Terrazas Lozano

Yale School of the Environment

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Katerina Georgiou
Katerina Georgiou
Katerina Georgiou

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Keith Paustian
Keith Paustian
Keith Paustian

Colorado State University

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Kimberley K. Mayfieldr
Kimberley Mayfield
Kimberley K. Mayfieldr

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Lydia Price
Lydia Price
Lydia Price

Michigan State University

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Mark Ashton
Mark Ashton
Mark Ashton

Yale School of the Environment

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Mark Bradford
Bradford Mark
Mark Bradford

Yale School of the Environment

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Mark Ducey
Mark ducey
Mark Ducey

University of New Hampshire

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Mark Layer

Colorado State University

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Mark Mba-Wright
Mark Mba Wright
Mark Mba-Wright

Iowa State University

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Matthew Langholtz
Matt Langholtz
Matthew Langholtz

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

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Maxwell Pisciotta
Maxwell Pisciotta
Maxwell Pisciotta

University of Pennsylvania

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Mu Hong
Mu Hong
Mu Hong

Colorado State University

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Nathan C. Ellebracht
Nathan Ellebracht
Nathan C. Ellebracht

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Nicholas Dahl
Nicholas Dahl
Nicholas Dahl

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

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Noah Sokol
Noah Sokol
Noah Sokol

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Peter Nico
Peter Nico
Peter Nico

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Peter Psarras
Peter Psarras
Peter Psarras

University of Pennsylvania

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Ramon Gil Egui
Ramon Gil Egui
Ramon Gil Egui

University of Texas at Austin's Bureau of Economic Geology

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Reid Lewis
Reid Lewis
Reid Lewis

Yale School of the Environment

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Roger D. Aines
Roger D. Aines
Roger D. Aines

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Sara Kuebbing
Sara Kuebbing
Sara Kuebbing

Yale School of the Environment

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Sarah E. Baker
Sarah Baker Portrait
Sarah E. Baker

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Simon H. Pang
Simon Pang
Simon H. Pang

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Sinéad Crotty
Sinead Crotty
Sinéad Crotty

Yale Carbon Containment Lab

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Susan Hovorka
S. Hovorka
Susan Hovorka

University of Texas at Austin's Bureau of Economic Geology

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Tao Dai
Tao Dai
Tao Dai

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Thomas Harris
Thomas Harris
Thomas Harris

Yale School of the Environment

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Weier Liu
Weier Liu
Weier Liu

Yale School of the Environment

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Wenqin Li
Li Wenqin
Wenqin Li

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Whitney Kirkendall
Whitney Kirkendall
Whitney Kirkendall

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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William Joe Sagues
Joe Sagues
William Joe Sagues

North Carolina State University

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Wilson McNeil
Will McNeil
Wilson McNeil

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Yao Zhang
Yao Zhang
Yao Zhang

Colorado State University

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Yuan Yao
Yuan Yao
Yuan Yao

Yale School of the Environment

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Pictures and hyperlinks available for authors, as provided.

Roads to Removal Partners

Additional thanks to

The Livermore Lab Foundation is a 501(c)3 supporting climate research and carbon management initiatives at Lawrence Livermore National Lab, a Department of Energy applied science and research facility. More information on the Foundation’s climate work can be found at www.livermorelabfoundation.org.